A cross‐cultural analysis of children's television use     

Ali Reza Zohoori 《广播与电子媒介杂志》2013,57(1):105-113

This study compared uses of U.S. television by foreign children residing in the U.S. and their American counterparts in light of theories of acculturation, cultivation, and uses and gratifications. Compared with U.S. children, foreign children: used television more for learning purposes, were relatively more interested in television programs, spent more time watching television, identified more frequently with television characters, and expressed stronger beliefs in the social reality portrayed by television.  相似文献   

Taxonomy of e-readiness assessment measures   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Payam Hanafizadeh  Mohammad Reza Hanafizadeh  Mohsen Khodabakhshi 《International Journal of Information Management》2009

To benefit from the advantages of information society, on the one hand, and to be afraid of being left further behind by Global Society and the increase in the digital divide, on the other hand, stimulate countries to be part of Global Information Society. These issues have led policymakers to move towards such a society by identifying the objectives, goals and targets. Planning to achieve these objectives needs a real understanding of the current situation, which is obtained by e-readiness assessment measures. There has been a proliferation of e-readiness assessment measures in recent years that each one has a certain objective. This paper elaborates on and categorizes these measures that help scholars and policymakers to (1) select the measures that fit in with their objectives, (2) prevent the repetitive research, (3) identify the defects and flaws of previous measures and correct them in their own measures, and (4) use the experiences of previous measures to construct their own ones. Based on definitions, objectives, dimensions, methods and approaches, in this paper, the measures are categorized and finally, a measure for e-readiness assessment is presented. Since this measure is a convergence of e-readiness assessment measures, the experienced modelers have consensus on it and it is more suitable to measure e-readiness of countries. Also, it can be exploited as the basis and standard for internationally comparable information society statistics.  相似文献   

Microcomputer networking in an inexpensive way     

Reza Azarmsa  Gary Byrd 《TechTrends》1988,33(4):28-29

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The structural study of Ghaffarieh Dome tile-workings in Maragheh Town based on laboratory studies     

Parvin Soleimani  Reza Vahidzadeh 《文物保护研究》2017,62(4):240-245

The history of using tiles in Persian architecture dates back to the eleventh century. In the beginning, tiles were made of bricks and mounted with plaster. Thereafter, however, tiles were replaced with mosaics to decorate buildings. The technique of applying mosaics began in the thirteenth century and reached its summit during the Ilkhanid and Timurid periods between the fourteenth to sixteenth centuries. One of the most outstanding buildings in which mosaics were widely used is Ghaffarieh Dome, a fourteenth-century building in Maragheh, Eastern Azerbaijan. The Dome is especially noteworthy for its unique mosaic workings. Therefore, a thorough examination of the mosaics used in the Dome may pave the way for closer studies of the Ilkhanid mosaics (tile-workings) in Iran. Since there is little information on the material aspects of mosaics used in the Ghaffarieh Dome, the body and glaze of the mosaics were examined through instrumental analyses. In order to interpret the results of the analyses, they were compared with existing data about similar mosaics of Islamic lands. The presence of pyroxene (aluminum diopside) in some of the mosaic bodies revealed that the firing temperature limit in the kiln was not, most likely, uniform. Two kinds of glazes, alkaline and lead-based, were used to produce black and turquoise colors.  相似文献   

Quantifying the injury of the human eye components due to tennis ball impact using a computational fluid–structure interaction model     

Alireza Karimi  Reza Razaghi  Mahdi Navidbakhsh  Toshihiro Sera  Susumu Kudo 《Sports Engineering》2016,19(2):105-115

Although it might be believed that the eye only comprised a very small area of the face, its injury due to the ball impacts in different sports seems to be severe enough to entice many researchers to determine the level of injury and then attempt to minimize it. Sports-related eye injuries, especially tennis, pose a substantial and preventable problem to the eye due to the high speed of the tennis ball (69 m/s). This is why many ophthalmologists provide a wide range of information for their patients regarding the risks of eye injuries in tennis to prevent the injury to well over 100,000 eyes each year. However, so far although there are some general information regarding the injury to the human eye components due to the tennis ball impact, the details of the stresses and deformations have not been well determined. Therefore, the goal of this study was to determine the stresses and deformations of the eye components, including cornea, aqueous body, iris, ciliary body, lens, vitreous body, retina, sclera, optic nerve, extra and intraconal fats, and muscles, attributable to the tennis ball impact via a Lagrangian–Eulerian computational coupling model. Magnetic resonance imaging was employed to establish a finite element model of the human eye according to a normal human eye. The numerical results revealed the highest amount of stress in the iris (19.2 MPa), whereas the lowest one was observed in the vitreous body (1.77 Pa). The cornea also experienced the stress of 8.27 MPa which might be high enough to invoke rupture in this delicate material. In addition, the results exhibited a decreasing and increasing of the radius of curvature for the cornea and lens, respectively. Finally, the collision of the tennis ball to the eye triggered the resultant displacement of 0.045 µm in the optic nerve which may imply a non-significant injury to that. The findings of this study may have implications not only for understating the values of stresses and deformations in the human eye components but also for helping the ophthalmologists to have a more precise diagnosis about the injury position in the eye due to the tennis ball impact.  相似文献   

Emotions and emotional energy in the science classroom: a discussion of measurement     

Feyzi Behnagh  Reza 《Cultural Studies of Science Education》2020,15(1):307-315

Cultural Studies of Science Education - In this commentary, I consider different theoretical and methodological aspects of Davis and Bellocchi’s study. I begin by identifying definitions of...  相似文献   

The growth of higher institutions in Iran     

Reza Arasteh 《International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue internationale l'éducation》1961,7(3):327-334

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Investigation and evaluation of ultrasound reactor for reduction of fungi from sewage     

Dehghani MH  Mahvi AH  Jahed GR  Sheikhi R 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2007,8(7):493-497

The objective of the investigation was to study the application of ultrasound reactor technology （USRT） as a disinfectant for reduction of fungi from sewage effluent. Fungi are carbon heterotrophs that require preformed organic compounds as carbon sources. USRT is an attractive means to improve water quality because of the system simplicity and no production of toxic by-products. An ultrasound reactor produces strong cavitation in aqueous solution causing shock waves and reactive free radicals by the violent collapse of the cavitation bubble. These effects should contribute to the physical disruption of microbial structures and inactivation of organisms. There was significant reduction in fungal growth, with decreased fungal growth with increasing USRT. In this study, ultrasound irradiation at a frequency of 42 kHz was used to expose suspensions of fungi to evaluate the disinfection efficacy of the ultrasound reactor. Also, this study showed that in this system more than 99% reduction of sewage fungi was achieved after 60 min.  相似文献   

Student experience of a scenario-centred curriculum   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Sarah Bell  Patricia Galilea  Reza Tolouei 《European Journal of Engineering Education》2010,35(3):235-245

In 2006 UCL implemented new scenario-centred degree programmes in Civil and Environmental Engineering. The new curriculum can be characterised as a hybrid of problem-based, project-based and traditional approaches to learning. Four times a year students work in teams for one week on a scenario which aims to integrate learning from lecture and laboratory classes and to develop generic skills including team working and communication. Student experience of the first two years the old and new curricula were evaluated using a modified Course Experience Questionnaire. The results showed that students on the new programme were motivated by the scenarios and perceived better generic skills development, but had a lower perception of teaching quality and the development of design skills. The results of the survey support the implementation new curriculum but highlight the importance of strong integration between conventional teaching and scenarios, and the challenges of adapting teaching styles to suit.  相似文献   

上、下楼梯时认知任务介入对下肢协调性影响的研究     

张帆  王长生  祝捷  谷松  Reza Seyedi  Reza Zourmand  Susilo 《体育科学》2015,(1)

目的：探讨上、下楼梯时附加认知任务,年龄差异（组间）及任务难度（组内）对步态时空及下肢关节协调参数的影响。方法：18位健康老年人为老年组,18位健康大学生为年轻组,各组内均为9男9女,依次接受认知任务测试、上、下楼测试（单任务）及上、下楼合并认知任务测试（双任务）。结果：认知任务方面,两种任务情境下各年龄组上楼回答次数皆显著多于下楼。步态参数方面,两种任务情境下年轻组相对于老年组,以及各年龄组在单任务情境下相对于双任务,皆呈现较短步行时间、较快步行频率、速度及较大步行长度的情形。下肢协调性方面,年轻组上楼过渡时摆动期的膝‐踝协调稳定度在双任务下较单任务差,而处于双任务情境下,年轻组上楼过程中支撑期的膝‐踝协调稳定度比老年组差;年轻组下楼过程中摆动期的髋‐膝协调稳定度在ST 和DT 中都比老年组差,老年组膝‐踝协调稳定度比年轻组差,下楼过渡时,年轻组支撑期髋‐膝协调稳定度在两种任务情境下皆比老年组差。结论：老年人和年轻人会根据任务难度来选择是否专注于认知任务上,此外年轻人因有足够下肢肌力控制而采取较大胆动作策略,导致其上下楼梯时下肢协调稳定度较差,而老年人则趋向选择较保守的策略来维持下肢关节协调稳定度。  相似文献